Remembering the Myall Creek Massacre

19/06/2024 · by Dr Stephen Gapps

Over the June long weekend Artefact’s historian Dr Stephen Gapps attended the annual Myall Creek Massacre commemoration. He reflects on the event and the histories of resistance, massacre and survival.

Photos by Stephen Gapps.

Most were never reported

On a wintery June day in 1838, a group of armed stockmen, mostly assigned and ex-convicts and led by a free settler John Fleming, turned up at the Myall Creek cattle and sheep station just near present-day Bingara in north-west New South Wales. They proceeded to massacre a large group of Wirrayaraay people who were camped there.

The only reason we know so much about Myall Creek is because it was reported to the authorities and 7 men were tried and hanged for murder. Many, many other similar massacres right across Australia were never reported and no action taken.

Lead image: Dancers and attendees at the Myall Creek memorial yarning circle.

"...the only reason we know about Myall Creek is because it was reported to the authorities..."

The Friends of Myall Creek association conduct a commemoration event every year.

Both the memorial site and the event are outstanding examples of community reconciliation. Back in 1965, Len Payne, a Bingara resident, proposed the erection of a memorial in the memory of those who died at Myall Creek and elsewhere. At this time, there was little support.

"Len never lost his hope that one day a memorial would be built."


Throughout the 1980s, Len Payne, along with others, laid a wreath at the site every 10th of June. According to the Friends of Myall Creek, Len never lost his hope that one day a memorial would be built and up until his death in 1993 he continued to visit the site.

Then in 1998, a conference on reconciliation convened by the Uniting Church was held at Myall Creek on the invitation of Sue Blacklock, a descendant of those who survived the massacre. A number of concerned local people joined the conference and, by the end of the meeting, a decision was made to erect a permanent memorial. The Myall Creek Memorial Committee was formed.

Image: One of the interpretative signs at the Myall Creek memorial site.

Important markers of the Australian Frontier Wars


In 2000, a memorial was dedicated on the site. Since then, support has grown and a ‘Education and Reconciliation Centre’ is planned for the future.

The memorial now has a pathway, garden, performance spaces, yarning circle and an interpretation trail to the site. It is an incredible example of how such sites – so many such sites across the country – could become important markers of the Australian (frontier) Wars. As one of the speakers on the day said, every country town has a memorial hall. They should also have an Australian Wars memorial.


Image: Wreaths laid at the massacre memorial.

They shook hands and embraced


Gamilaroi elder Aunty Polly Cutmore spoke at the event. She was keen to promote the fact Aboriginal people survived these killing times and liked to think of the event as a celebration not a commemoration.

The fact that the anniversary of the massacre falls on the King’s Birthday weekend was an irony not lost on the guest speaker Gomeroi man and podcaster extraordinaire Boe Spearim.

"The highlight of the event was the moment that descendants of both the people killed and the perpetrators of the massacre shook hands and embraced."


I very much recommend a visit to Myall Creek, any time of year. It is one of the most thoughtful and powerful commemorative sites I have ever visited.

Image: Participants were invited to walk up the hill from the memorial hall to the massacre memorial site. 

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Dr Stephen Gapps

Stephen is Senior Associate – Historian at Artefact 

As a writer, he's committed to bringing the Frontier Wars (1788-1930) into broader public recognition as Australia’s First Wars. Stephen's published two award winning books The Sydney Wars 1788-1817 (NewSouth, 2018) and Gudyarra – The First Wiradyuri War of Resistance, The Bathurst War 1822-1824 (NewSouth 2021).

Stephen is currently researching his latest Frontier Wars history ‘The Rising. War in the Colony of NSW 1838-1842’, to be published by NewSouth Press in 2025.

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